Unix Essentials

Unix Essentials

  • Unix commands are typed at the command line after the prompt
  • They usually have the form
COMMAND  OPTION  ARGUMENT(S)
  • Where the option is preceded by "-" or "--"
  • We can hit the Enter key to execute the command
  • We can type part of the file name, then hit the Tab key to complete the rest
  • We can run the previous commands again, just hit the up arrow key, ↑
  • We can abort the program by holding down Control key while hitting C
  • Here are more useful shortcut keys
    • Ctrl A - Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line
    • Ctrl E - Moves the cursor to the end of the line
    • Ctrl D - Logs out of the current session
    • Ctrl U - Erases the complete line
    • Ctrl R - Allows you to search for a previously used command or switch

Basic Unix Commands

  • To list the contents of the current directory; ls stands for list
ls
  • To go to a new directory; cd stands for change directory(same thing as folder)
cd NAME_OR_ADDRESS_OF_DIRECTORY
  • To reveal the current directory; pwd stands for print working directory
pwd
  • To create a new file
touch FILENAME
  • To remove a file; rm stands for remove
rm FILENAME
  • To create a new directory; mkdir stands for make directory
mkdir DIRECTORY_NAME
  • To remove a directory; The directory must be empty or rmdir will not work
rmdir DIRECTORY_NAME
  • To move a file to another place; mv stands for move
mv  FILENAME  NEW_DIRECTORY
  • We can also use mv to change the name of a file or directory
mv  CURRENT_NAME  NEW_NAME
  • To see the contents of a file; cat stands for concatenate
cat FILENAME
  • To make a new copy of a file; cp stands for copy
cp  ORIGINAL_FILENAME  NEW_FILENAME

File transfer in Unix

  • To download a file remotely from a Unix server
scp SERVER_ADDRESS:FULL_PATH_OF_FILE/FILENAME ~Desktop/FILENAME

Ex:
scp woodylin@users.cs.umb.edu:/home/offner/cs450/lectures/lec01.pdf ~/Desktop/lect01.pdf
Noted that "~" is the same thing as "/Users/woodylin"
  • To download a directory remotely from a Unix server; -r is the OPTION which means that recursively copy the entire directory.
scp -r SERVER_ADDRESS:FULL_PATH_OF_FILE/FILENAME ~Desktop/FILENAME
  • To upload a file from the local machine to a Unix server
scp FILE_PATH SERVER_ADDRESS:FULL_PATH_OF_FILE/FILENAME

Reference

Location: Boston, MA, USA

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